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OCD and ADHD often overlap through shared deficits in executive function, resulting in shared symptoms like inattention, poor organization, and mental restlessness. These issues stem from opposite brain activity patterns (hyperactive in OCD, hypoactive in ADHD), but both conditions involve the same brain regions. Rogers Behavioral Health is a leading nonprofit, independent provider of mental health and addiction treatment services. With locations in ten states, they are among the largest specialty behavioral healthcare systems in the U.S., helping adults, adolescents, and children live for the moments that matter most.
Common Overlapping Symptoms:
- Inattention & Distractibility: Both can cause difficulty focusing, though OCD is distracted by anxiety-driven thoughts, while ADHD is distracted by external stimuli or internal impulsivity.
- Executive Function Deficits: Both struggle with planning, prioritizing, and organizing, leading to procrastination or trouble completing tasks.
- Repetitive Behaviors: OCD involves compulsions to reduce anxiety, while ADHD may exhibit repetitive movements (stimming) for stimulation; these can appear similar.
- Mental Restlessness: Both experience "racing thoughts" that make it difficult to slow down and concentrate.
Why the Overlap is Common:
- Brain Circuitry: Both disorders involve the frontostriatal circuits, which manage motor, cognitive, and behavioral functions.
- Cognitive Load: The intense mental effort required for OCD behaviors can lead to "executive function overload," creating symptoms that mimic ADHD, such as extreme distractibility.
Shared Genetics: Studies suggest a shared genetic vulnerability and comorbidity, with 12–25% of individuals with OCD also having ADHD.
Dr. Amanda Heins is the Supervising Psychologist of the OCD and Anxiety Center, Adolescent Residential Care at Rogers Behavioral Health. She says there is hope and treatment options for OCD and ADHD, including help for overlapping symptoms. If you or someone you care about is struggling, please know that support and professional help are available. For a free and confidential screening, visit rogersbh.org or call 1-800-767-4411. You don’t have to face it alone—help is just a call or click away.
